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Characteristics of structural injuries in pediatric patients with focal epilepsy in a Honduran hospital

A. Ramírez-Izcoa, D. Varela-González, M.I. Fonseca [REV NEUROL 2017;65:105-111] PMID: 28699152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.6503.2016575

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Volumen 65 | Number 03 | Nº of views of the article 11.103 | Nº of PDF downloads 385 | Article publication date 01/08/2017

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ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION Epilepsy is the most commonly occurring neurological disorder in the world. The study of structural brain lesions is important to understand the secondary complications. In Honduras there is little information on this topic.

AIM To determine the characteristics and proportion of structural brain lesions in paediatric patients with focal epilepsy at the Hospital Escuela Universitario.

PATIENTS AND METHODS A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective-prospective study. The study population consisted of 162 paediatric patients with focal epilepsy who were treated in the paediatric neurology outpatient department between January 2015 and June 2016. On applying the eligibility and exclusion criteria, the universe of study comprised 102 patients with focal epilepsy.

RESULTS 41% of the patients with focal epilepsy presented a structural lesion. The main locations of the structural lesions were the parietal lobe (12.8%), the occipital lobe (10.8%) and the frontal lobe (10.8%). An association was found between the presence of structural brain lesions and the presence of uncontrolled seizures, with statistical significance. The attributable risk was calculated and it was found that among patients with uncontrolled seizures, 67% had a structural lesion in the imaging study.

CONCLUSIONS The presence of uncontrolled seizures is associated to the presence of structural lesions in imaging studies, with a high attributable risk. Leukomalacia and cerebral ischaemia were the main findings that were reported. The predominant structural lesions in paediatric patients with focal epilepsy in the population studied are those related to events that take place during the peripartum period. KeywordsEpidemiology Honduras Neuroimaging Partial epilepsies Pediatrics Structural brain injuries CategoriesEpilepsias y síndromes epilépticos Neuroimagen Neuropediatría

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Original

Characteristics of structural injuries in pediatric patients with focal epilepsy in a Honduran hospital