Figura 1. Biopsia de arteria temporal. a) Hematoxilina-eosina (HE) 10×: se observa obliteración de la luz del vaso por proliferación de la íntima (flecha) y abundante reacción mononuclear en la unión entre la íntima y la media (asterisco); b) HE 40×: células gigantes (flecha); c) Elástico 10×: fragmentación de la lámina elástica interna de los vasos (flecha).
Figura 2. Tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada. a) Basal: moderada a grave afectación inflamatoria activa en las paredes vasculares de la aorta; b) Después de 10 meses de tratamiento, menor actividad y extensión de la afectación inflamatoria de las paredes vasculares de la aorta.
‘Man-in-the-barrel’ syndrome: atypical manifestation of giant cell arteritis Introduction. ‘Man-in-the-barrel’ syndrome refers to diplegia of the upper extremities in which mobility of the head and lower limbs is preserved. Brachial plexitis that presents as ‘man-in-the-barrel’ syndrome is an unusual manifestation of giant cell arteritis. We report a case of C5-C6 plexitis as part of the clinical features of a patient with giant cell arteritis. Case report. A 70-year-old male with a two-month history of weight loss, headache, facial pain and jaw claudication, associated with a persistent elevation of acute phase reactants and bilateral brachial plexopathy, with no evidence of neck or brain injuries or occult neoplasm and with negative autoimmunity tests. Results of the biopsy study of the temporal artery were compatible with giant cell arteritis, and the positron emission tomography scan revealed extensive vascular involvement of the aorta and its branches. Conclusions. Although the typical clinical manifestations of giant cell arteritis are headache, jaw claudication, loss of sight, constitutional symptoms and polymyalgia rheumatica, its presence must be suspected in patients over the age of 50 who manifest alterations affecting the peripheral nerve, including brachial diplegia with no other demonstrable cause. Key words. Brachial diplegia. Brachial plexopathy. Giant cell arteritis. ‘Man-in-the-barrel’ syndrome. Peripheral neuropathy. Vasculitis. |