Recurrent spontaneous carotid dissection
Correspondencia: Dr. Francisco Pérez Errazquin. Servicio de Neurología. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n. E-41013 Sevilla. Fax: + 34 95424 8111.
E-mail: gilperal@cica.es
Introduction: Arterial dissection is the cause of 20% of the stroke occurring in adults under the age of 45. The existence of recurrence has been discussed in recent studies, and the overall frequency estimated as 4% to 8%, with a risk of 1% per year. The course of the condition is usually oligosymptomatic, so that a high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis to be made. We consider that different connective tissue disorders and anomalies of the vascular wall predispose to dissection. It would seen reasonable to think that these same anomalies may lead to recurrence. However, this cannot always be demonstrated. A family history of dissection is also an important factor in recurrence.
Clinical cases: We present two cases of recurrent spontaneous dissection of the carotid artery from a series of 22 patients with dissection, during the period 1990-1997. In the first case, the second dissection occurred 15 days after the first and in the second case, seven months later. In both cases the recurrence was in the contra-lateral carotid artery. In the second case the vascular tree was noted to have been formed of ecstatic, tortuous vessels.
Conclusions: Our series shows results similar to others published. In one of these, an underlying arteriopathy which predisposed to the condition was shown. Both followed satisfactory courses. In case 2 a high index of clinical suspicion was necessary, since the recurrence presented as headache alone.
Casos clínicos Presentamos dos casos de disección carotídea espontánea recurrente recogidos en una serie de 22 pacientes con disección, durante el período 19901997. En el primer caso la disección se produjo a los 15 días de la primera, en el segundo a los siete meses. En ambos la recurrencia se produjo en la carótida contralateral. En el segundo de nuestros pacientes se constató la presencia de un árbol vascular con vasos ectásicos y tortuosos.
Conclusiones Nuestra serie presenta unos resultados comparables a los publicados. En uno de ellos se pudo demostrar una arteriopatía de base predisponente. Ambas cursaron favorablemente, y el caso 2 requirió de una alta sospecha clínica ya que la recurrencia se manifestó exclusivamente como una cefalea