Review
Restless legs syndrome. diagnosis and treatment
Síndrome de las piernas inquietas. Diagnóstico y tratamiento
Rev Neurol 2001
, 32(3),
281–283;
https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.3203.2000520
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The restless legs syndrome is characterized by an unpleasant sensation in the legs which causes an imperative need to move the legs and is therefore considered to be a disorder of movement. When it appears before going to sleep, it may interfere with falling asleep and lead to a sleep-deficit. DEVELOPMENT AND
CONCLUSIONS It is a clinical condition with a satisfactory treatment, and improvement of the associated sleep disorder. The etiology is unknown, sometimes it is familial. The syndrome is increasingly often diagnosed, particularly in association with iron deficiency, during pregnancy, in chronic renal failure and in patients with peripheral neuropathy. Polysomnography is not necessary, unless one suspects an associated disorder of periodic leg movements. Treatment is by dopaminergic, opiate, benzodiazepine, anticonvulsant drugs or clonidine.
CONCLUSIONS It is a clinical condition with a satisfactory treatment, and improvement of the associated sleep disorder. The etiology is unknown, sometimes it is familial. The syndrome is increasingly often diagnosed, particularly in association with iron deficiency, during pregnancy, in chronic renal failure and in patients with peripheral neuropathy. Polysomnography is not necessary, unless one suspects an associated disorder of periodic leg movements. Treatment is by dopaminergic, opiate, benzodiazepine, anticonvulsant drugs or clonidine.
Resumen
Introducción El síndrome de las piernas inquietas se caracteriza por una sensación desagradable en las extremidades inferiores, que provoca la necesidad imperiosa de mover las piernas, por lo que se considera un trastorno del movimiento. Al aparecer antes de conciliar el sueño puede interferir con su instauración y ocasionar un déficit de sueño. Desarrollo y conclusiones. Es una entidad clínica eminentemente tratable con éxito, con resolución satisfactoria del trastorno del sueño asociado. La etiología es desconocida, a veces familiar. El síndrome se diagnostica con frecuencia creciente, en particular en asociación con déficit de hierro, durante el embarazo, en la insuficiencia renal crónica y en pacientes con neuropatía periférica. La polisomnografía no es necesaria, a menos que se sospeche un trastorno asociado de movimiento periódico de las piernas. El tratamiento se hace con medicamentos dopaminérgicos, opiáceos, benzodiacepinas, anticonvulsionantes o clonidina.
Keywords
Movement disorders
Periodic leg movements
Restless legs
Sleep
Palabras Claves
Mioclonía nocturna
Mioclonías nocturnas
Narcolepsia
Síndrome de las piernas inquietas
Síndrome de narcolepsia-cataplejía
Sueño
Transtornos del movimiento
Trastorno del movimiento
Trastornos del sueño