Home / Volume 45 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.33588/rn.4502.2007259
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Rational combination therapy in epilepsy. I. Concepts and foundations
Politerapia racional en epilepsia. I. Concepto y fundamentos
Rev Neurol 2007 , 45(2), 95–109; https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.4502.2007259
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is an accepted fact that it is wise to start antiepileptic treatment with monotherapy, but 30% of patients do not respond to it or to several monotherapies; in that moment an association of two or more antiepileptic drugs is commonly utilised (the appearance of ten second-generation antiepileptic drugs on the market has not changed this scenario to any significant extent). Yet, on the other hand, the use of bitherapy in epilepsies that are usually resistant to treatment has been suggested as a interesting way to begin treatment. DEVELOPMENT. This article consists of three parts. In this first part we review the concept of rational combination therapy, the concept of how and when it should be used and the studies about associations of antiepileptic drugs conducted in animals and in humans.

CONCLUSIONS Although combination therapy is frequent as treatment for epilepsy, it is not always so obvious that it offers more benefits in terms of greater effectiveness with a lower, or at least equal, degree of toxicity. Few methodologically correct clinical trials have been conducted and recent reviews continue to consider that no controlled clinical trials have been carried out that confirm the benefits of combination therapy. This does not mean, however, that rational combination therapy is totally void of any kind of usefulness, but rather it stresses the fact that it offers a low level of evidence.
Resumen
Introducción Se reconoce la conveniencia de iniciar el tratamiento antiepiléptico con monoterapia, pero hay un 30% de pacientes que no responde a ella, ni a varias monoterapias, y entonces suele recurrirse a la asociación de dos o más antiepilépticos (la comercialización de diez antiepilépticos de segunda generación no ha cambiado de forma importante este panorama). Pero, por otra parte, se plantea la conveniencia de iniciar el tratamiento con biterapia en las epilepsias que habitualmente son resistentes al tratamiento.

Desarrollo Este artículo comprende tres partes. En esta primera parte se revisa el concepto de politerapia racional, el concepto de cómo y cuándo debe utilizarse, y los estudios sobre asociaciones de antiepilépticos realizados en animales y en humanos.

Conclusiones Aunque la politerapia es habitual como tratamiento de la epilepsia, no siempre es evidente que aporte beneficios en términos de más eficacia con menor o al menos igual toxicidad. Son pocos los ensayos clínicos metodológicamente correctos, y revisiones recientes siguen considerando que no hay ningún ensayo clínico controlado que avale el beneficio de la politerapia. Esto no quiere decir que la politerapia racional carezca de utilidad, sino que subraya el hecho de que presenta un bajo nivel de evidencia.
Keywords
Antiepileptic drugs
Combination therapy
Epilepsy
Palabras Claves
Epilepsia
Fármacos antiepilépticos
Politerapia
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