Ontogenesis of the neurotransmitter systems
*Correspondencia: Guadalupe M. Flores Cruz. Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad Universitaria. 04510. México DF (México).
Fax: 52 (55) 5622 3850.
E-mail: mgfcruz@gmail.com
Introduction: The study of the ontogenesis of neurotransmitter systems is relevant not only to understand the development of the central nervous system. The new horizons that have appeared in research into the use of stem cells in the repair of damaged neurons are allowing attempts to be made to imitate the differentiation and maintenance of the type of affected neuron. To achieve this, it is necessary to understand which signals direct the differentiation and the molecules that guide their maturation, their survival and the maintenance of their functionality. Furthermore, the early emergence of these systems during ontogenesis has led us to question their participation in the regulation of the development of the central nervous system.
Aims: To describe the most significant events in the development of the neurotransmitter systems and to discuss some of the processes that take part in the ontogenesis of the nervous system.
Development: The study will offer a chronological review of the sequence of molecular events in the main neurotransmitter systems that allow the phenotype to be established and the appearance of receptors and transporters. Likewise, the role they play in events like neurogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and neuronal migration will also be outlined.
Conclusions: The neurotransmitter systems regulate events that range from neurogenesis to both radial and tangential cortical migration, as well as intervening in the correct maturation of their own system.
Objetivo Enumerar los eventos más relevantes en el desarrollo de los sistemas de neurotransmisión y mencionar algunos procesos en los que participan durante la ontogenia del sistema nervioso.
Desarrollo Se revisará cronológicamente, en los principales sistemas de neurotransmisión, la secuencia de eventos moleculares que permite el establecimiento del fenotipo, la aparición de receptores y transportadores, y se hará un esbozo de su participación en eventos como neurogénesis, proliferación, diferenciación y migración neuronal.
Conclusiones Los sistemas de neurotransmisión regulan eventos que van desde la neurogénesis hasta la migración cortical, tanto radial como tangencial, e intervienen en la correcta maduración de su propio sistema.