Evaluation of the instrumental activities of daily living following a stroke by means of the Lawton and Brody scale
*Correspondencia: Dr. Pedro Enrique Jiménez Caballero. Dionisio Acedo, 9, portal 7, 4.º 1ª. E-10001 Cáceres.
Fax: +34 927 221 487.
E-mail: pjimenez1010j@yahoo.es
Introduction: The instrumental activities of daily living are activities that are somewhat more complex than basic activities of daily living, and being able to perform them allows a person to be independent within a community. They include housework, tasks involving mobility, managing the home and property; catching the bus; cooking meals and going shopping, among other things.
Aims: To evaluate these activities using the Lawton and Brody scale following an ischaemic stroke or intraparenchymatous haemorrhage and to analyse the factors that have an influence on the functional status at six months.
Patients and methods: We conducted a prospective study of patients admitted to the stroke unit between September 2010 and June 2011 diagnosed with ischaemic strokes and spontaneous intraparenchymatous haemorrhages. A series of clinical and demographic variables were collected. In the follow-up visit at six months, the patients were re-evaluated by measuring their score on the Lawton and Brody scale again.
Results: The percentages of the Lawton and Brody scale at six months were as follows: 28.9% of patients were highly dependent, 45.4% were moderately dependent and 25.6% were dependent. There were differences according to age, severity and the type of stroke, and also depending on the presence of aphasia or hemiparesis.
Conclusions: Patients who have suffered an ischaemic stroke or haemorrhage present a poorer score in instrumental activities of daily living when age is more advanced, the stroke is more severe and when aphasia or hemiparesis are present.
Objetivos Valorar estas actividades mediante la escala de Lawton y Brody tras un ictus isquémico o hemorragia intraparenquimatosa y analizar los factores que influyen en el estado funcional a los seis meses.
Pacientes y métodos Estudio prospectivo de los pacientes ingresados en la unidad de ictus entre septiembre de 2010 y junio de 2011 con el diagnóstico de ictus isquémico y hemorragias intraparenquimatosas espontáneas. Se recogió una serie de variables clínicas y demográficas. En la visita de control a los seis meses se reevaluó a los pacientes midiendo nuevamente la escala de Lawton y Brody.
Resultados Los porcentajes de la escala de Lawton y Brody a los seis meses fueron los siguientes: un 28,9% de los pacientes con gran dependencia, un 45,4% con dependencia moderada y un 25,6% con independencia. Existen diferencias en función de la edad, la gravedad y el tipo de ictus, así como en función de la presencia de afasia o hemiparesia.
Conclusiones Los pacientes con ictus isquémico o hemorrágico presentan peor puntuación en las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria en función de la edad avanzada, la gravedad del ictus y la presencia de afasia o hemiparesia.