Two new mutations in the gene that codes for acid alpha-glucosidase in an adolescent with late-onset
Pompe disease
*Correspondencia: Dr. José Guevara Campos. Calle 26 Sur, c/c 7.ª Carrera. El TigreAnzoátegui. Venezuela 6050.
E-mail: joguevara90@hotmail.com
INTRODUCTION. Glycogen storage disease type II, or Pompe disease, is a lysosomal disease with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Late-onset Pompe disease is a progressive metabolic myopathy caused by decreased activity of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), which gives rise to reduced degradation and later accumulation of glycogen in the lysosomes and cell cytoplasm.
CASE REPORT. A 16-year-old Venezuelan male, diagnosed with late-onset glycogen storage disease type II, or Pompe disease, based on the patient's clinical picture and the biochemical findings. The patient presented unmistakable signs of muscular atrophy in the upper and lower limbs, as well as positive Gowers' sign. Levels of creatinkinase in serum were high. His functional respiratory capacity was diminished. The quantification of the enzymatic activity of acid alpha-glucosidase on filter paper did not show any significant decrease in activity. A molecular genetic analysis revealed the existence of two homozygotic mutations in the gene GAA, c.547-67C>G and c.547-39T>G, both on exon 2 of chromosome 17. According to the human genome database and the review that was undertaken, the changes detected in this patient represent new mutations in the acid alpha-glucosidase gene, GAA. This claim is in agreement with the clinical features and biochemical changes found in the patient.
CONCLUSION. A molecular genetic study is mandatory in patients suspected of having this disease.
Caso clínico Adolescente venezolano, de 16 años, diagnosticado de glucogenosis tipo II o enfermedad de Pompe, de comienzo tardío, basado en la clínica del paciente y los hallazgos bioquímicos. La atrofia muscular de los miembros superiores e inferiores era evidente y presentaba maniobra de Gowers positiva. Los niveles séricos de creatincinasa eran elevados. Su capacidad funcional respiratoria estaba disminuida. La cuantificación de la actividad enzimática de la GAA en papel de filtro no mostraba una disminución significativa de la actividad. El análisis genético molecular reveló la existencia de dos mutaciones en condición homocigótica en el gen GAA, c.547-67C>G y c.547-39T>G, ambas en el exón 2 del cromosoma 17. De acuerdo con la base de datos del genoma humano y la revisión emprendida, los cambios detectados en este paciente representan nuevas mutaciones en el gen GAA. Esta afirmación está en concordancia con la clínica y cambios bioquímicos encontrados en el paciente.
Conclusión Es obligatorio el estudio genético molecular en un paciente en el que se sospecha la enfermedad.