Diagnostic validity of ultrasonography in carpal tunnel syndrome
*Correspondencia: Dra. Elena Bueno Gracia. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Zaragoza. Domingo Miral, s/n. E-50009 Zaragoza.
E-mail: ebueno@unizar.es
Introduction: Ultrasonography has emerged as an alternative tool for diagnosing peripheral neuropathies, such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Yet, data are still lacking as regards the diagnostic validity of the different ultrasonography measurements for detecting CTS in clinical settings.
Aims: To determine the diagnostic validity of ultrasound measurements of the cross-sectional area of the median nerve in the wrist (CSA-M) and of the ratio of the area of the median nerve between the wrist and the forearm (R-WF) in the diagnosis of CTS, using electroneuromyography (ENG) as the reference technique.
Patients and methods: Ultrasound measurements were performed on 59 subjects (100 wrists) who were referred to have an ENG due to suspected CTS. The examiners that performed the ultrasonography scan did not know the results of the ENG. The cut-off points were later calculated by means of ROC curves for each of the measurements (CSA-M and R-WF) and their diagnostic validity was analysed.
Results: With a cut-off point of 9.15 mm2, CSA-M measurement obtained a sensitivity of 75.81%, a specificity of 74.29%, a positive likelihood ratio of 2.95 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.33. For the R-WF measurement and a cut-off point of 1.56, the values for sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were 70.97%, 71.43%, 2.48 and 0.4, respectively.
Conclusions: Both the CSA-M and R-WF appear to be useful measures in the diagnosis of CTS, taking the ENG as a reference test.
Objetivo Hallar la validez diagnóstica de las mediciones ecográficas del área de sección transversal del nervio mediano en la muñeca (AST-M) y de la ratio del área del nervio mediano entre la muñeca y el antebrazo (R-MA) en el diagnóstico del STC, utilizando como técnica de referencia el electroneurograma (ENG).
Pacientes y métodos Se realizaron mediciones ecográficas en 59 sujetos (97 muñecas) referidos para someterse a un ENG por sospecha de STC. Los examinadores que realizaron la ecografía desconocían los resultados del ENG. Posteriormente, se calcularon los puntos de corte mediante curvas ROC para cada una de las mediciones (AST-M y R-MA) y se analizó su validez diagnóstica.
Resultados Con un punto de corte de 9,15 mm2, la medición AST-M obtuvo una sensibilidad del 75,81%, una especificidad del 74,29%, una ratio de probabilidad positiva de 2,95 y una ratio de probabilidad negativa de 0,33. Para la medición R-MA y un punto de corte de 1,56, los valores de sensibilidad, especificidad y ratios de probabilidad positiva y negativa fueron 70,97%, 71,43%, 2,48 y 0,4, respectivamente.
Conclusión Tanto el AST-M como la R-MA parecen ser medidas útiles en el diagnóstico del STC tomando como prueba de referencia el ENG.