Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and HLA in the North of Portugal
*Corresponding author:Prof. Dr. António Martins da Silva. Serviço de Neurofisiologia. Departamento Neurociências. Hospital Santo António/Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Largo Professor Abel Salazar. 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
E-mail: ams@icbas.up.pt
Introduction: The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a common, complex and polygenic disease with diverse aetiologies interacting to produce a single phenotype. OSAS occurs throughout the entire lifespan and familial aggregation has been suggested. Several predisposing factors, as age, gender and obesity have been described. Associations between HLA polymorphisms and sleep disorders are confirmed, in European and Non-European descendent populations. However the associations found between HLA alleles and OSAS have not been consistent and have no informative value for sleep disorder classification.
Aims: To explore the genetic association of HLA with OSAS in a northern Portuguese population and to evaluate the role of obesity in the context of HLA in OSAS.
Patients and methods: A cohort of 131 patients with OSAS was studied. Patients followed up in an Outpatient Sleep Clinic were assessed by clinical history, night sleep polygraphic recording, multiple sleep latency test (when necessary for differential diagnosis), laboratorial and demographic studies. A control population (CP) of 223 healthy individuals was used for comparison. HLA-DRB1 genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers methodology.
Results: In this cohort, the HLA-DRB1*03 allele was identified as a susceptibility factor for OSAS (24% OSAS vs. 15% CP; p = 0.025; odds ratio = 1.861; 95% CI = 1.081-3.205). No significant differences were found for other HLA-DBR1* alleles.
Conclusion: HLA-DRB1*03 is a susceptibility factor for OSAS in Portuguese population.
Objetivo Explorar la asociación genética del HLA con el SAOS en una población del norte de Portugal y evaluar el papel de la obesidad en el contexto del HLA en el SAOS.
Pacientes y métodos Se estudió una cohorte de 131 pacientes con SAOS. Los pacientes fueron atendidos en una clínica del sueño ambulatoria donde se valoraron los antecedentes clínicos, se les practicó una polisomnografía nocturna, una prueba de latencia múltiple del sueño (si lo exigió el diagnóstico diferencial), analíticas y estudios demográficos. A efectos comparativos, se utilizó una población de control de 223 personas sanas. Se efectuó el genotipado del HLA-DRB1 con la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa mediante cebadores de secuencia específica.
Resultados En esta cohorte, el alelo HLA-DRB1*03 fue identificado como un factor de predisposición para el SAOS (24% del SAOS frente a 15% de la población de control; p = 0,025; odds ratio = 1,861; intervalo de confianza al 95% = 1,081-3,205). No hubo diferencias significativas en lo referente a otros alelos HLA-DBR1*.
Conclusión El HLA-DRB1*03 es un factor de predisposición para el SAOS en la población portuguesa.