Neuroimaging in fibromyalgia
*Correspondencia: Dr. José María Gómez Argüelles. Servicio de Neurología. Hospital Universitario Madrid-Quirón. Diego de Velázquez, 1. E-28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid).
E-mail: jmgarguelles@yahoo.es
Introduction: Most current research suggests that fibromyalgia is a disease produced by an alteration in the processing of pain signals in the central nervous system. In recent years, advances in non- or minimally-invasive brain imaging techniques have made it possible to discover how different areas of the nervous system are involved in the aetiopathogenesis of diseases that up until now have been considered as having a functional profile.
Aim: To describe the objectified functional and the structural changes that take place in the brains of patients with fibro-myalgia by means of the currently available neuroimaging techniques.
Development: This work reviews the clinical studies, both anatomical and molecular, that have been conducted to date in the field of fibromyalgia using different brain imaging techniques.
Conclusions: Different, but related, areas of the central nervous system have been described as altering not only the functional but also the structural form, in patients with fibromyalgia. These involved areas extend beyond the pain circuits, which would explain the variety of symptoms in patients, in addition to the characteristic pain reported by them.
Objetivo Describir los cambios objetivados, tanto funcionales como estructurales, que ocurren en el cerebro de pacientes con fibromialgia a través de las técnicas de neuroimagen disponibles en la actualidad.
Desarrollo Se revisan los estudios clínicos, tanto anatómicos como moleculares, que se han realizado hasta ahora, con las diferentes técnicas de imagen cerebral, en el campo de la fibromialgia.
Conclusiones Se han descrito diferentes áreas del sistema nervioso central, relacionadas entre sí, que se alteran no sólo de forma funcional, sino también estructural, en los pacientes con fibromialgia. Estas áreas involucradas se extienden más allá de los circuitos de dolor, lo que explicaría la variada sintomatología de los pacientes y el dolor característico referido por ellos.