Current status of epilepsy surgery in Spain. Compendium and awareness
*Correspondencia: Dr. Carlos Valencia Calderón. Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Av. Roma, s/n. E-33011 Oviedo (Asturias).
E-mail: Carlos.valencia@sen.es
Introduction: Drug-resistant epilepsy affects between a third and a quarter of patients with epilepsy. Within this group, with a poorer quality of life and high healthcare costs, there is a considerable proportion of patients with potentially surgical causes of epilepsy, and epilepsy surgery is a proven therapeutic option. In Spain, we do not know the actual number of patients who are treated in relation to the total number of cases of refractory epilepsy that could benefit from surgical treatment.
Aim: To analyse the number of epilepsy surgical interventions performed and published in relation to the potential cases of refractory epilepsy who are candidates for surgery in our country.
Method: A review was carried out through a literature search in PubMed and Cochrane of articles published between 1990 and 2020, combining the following words and Boolean operators: 'epilepsy surgery IN Spain'. The evidence and recommendations were classified according to the prognostic criteria of the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine (2001) and of Neurological Societies (2004) for therapeutic actions.
Results: The majority (75.6%) of the publications came from the autonomous communities of Madrid and Catalonia and 46.4% of the articles published were short series. We counted 2,113 surgical interventions (resections, palliative interventions, implantation of deep electrodes and implantation of neurostimulators), which represents 8.7% of the estimated population with refractory epilepsy.
Conclusion: Epilepsy surgery in our country is an underused therapeutic indication that is not offered or administered to the majority of potential beneficiaries.
Objetivo Analizar el número de cirugías de epilepsia realizadas y publicadas en relación con los potenciales casos de epilepsia refractaria candidatos a cirugía en nuestro país. Método. Se realizó una revisión mediante la búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed y Cochrane de artículos publicados entre 1990 y 2020, combinando las siguientes palabras y operadores booleanos: epilepsy surgery IN Spain. Se clasificaron las evidencias y recomendaciones según los criterios pronósticos del Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine (2001) y de la European Federation of Neurological Societies (2004) para actuaciones terapéuticas.
Resultados El 75,6% de las publicaciones se originó en las comunidades autónomas de Madrid y Cataluña. El 46,4% de los artículos publicados son de series cortas. Contabilizamos 2.113 intervenciones quirúrgicas (resecciones, cirugías paliativas, implantación de electrodos profundos e implantación de neuroestimuladores), lo que representa el 8,7% de la población estimada con epilepsia refractaria.
Conclusión La cirugía de la epilepsia en nuestro medio es una indicación terapéutica infrautilizada y que no se ofrece o no se administra a la mayoría de los potenciales beneficiarios.