Object and action naming in a sentence context in people with Parkinson's disease free of dementia
*Correspondencia: Dr. David del Río. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Campus de Somosaguas. E- 28223 Madrid.
E-mail: driogran@ucm.es
Introduction: Difficulties in action language processing (e.g. verbs) have been described in Parkinson's disease (PD). The embodied cognition approach links this difficulty to degenerative motor process. It has also been suggested that frontostriatal dysfunction could involve executive problems for lexical selection, which is generally more demanding for verbs. From this point of view, difficulties should diminish in a supportive context.
Subjects and methods: 21 non demented people with PD and 16 control subjects were evaluated in an object and action naming task preceded by a sentence context that could be predictive or not of the target word (e.g. 'When the music started the couple began to…' 'dance'). The mobility of actions and the manipulability of objects were also manipulated.
Results: PD patients showed longer response latencies for verbs than the control group. In line with the embodied cognition approach, actions that implied higher mobility were more difficult for the group of people with PD. Moreover, PD patients benefited more from the predictive context for naming objects and actions.
Conclusions: Results suggest that both a disruption at the level of action semantics and a subtle executive dysfunction contribute to lexical access difficulties in people with PD, even in the absence of overt cognitive impairment.
Sujetos y métodos Se evaluó a 21 personas con EP sin demencia y a 16 sujetos control en una tarea de denominación de objetos y acciones precedidos de un contexto oracional que podía ser predictivo o no de la palabra que se debía denominar (por ejemplo, Sonó la música y la pareja empezó a , bailar). Se manipuló también el grado de movilidad de las acciones y el grado de manipulabilidad de los objetos.
Resultados Los pacientes con EP mostraron mayor latencia de respuestas para verbos que el grupo control. En línea con el enfoque de la cognición corpórea, las acciones que implicaban mayor grado de movilidad resultaron más difíciles para el grupo de personas con EP. Asimismo, los pacientes con EP se beneficiaron más del contexto predictivo tanto para objetos como para acciones.
Conclusiones Los resultados apuntan a que tanto una disrupción a nivel de la representación semántica de la acción como una disfunción ejecutiva sutil contribuyen a dificultar el acceso léxico en personas con EP, aun en ausencia de deterioro cognitivo.