Experience with the Biofire FilmArray® for infectious meningitis/encephalitis in a high complexity institution in Bogotá, Colombia
*Correspondencia: Dr. Juan Diego Martínez Lemus. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de La Sabana. Campus Universitario. Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá- Chía. Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Código postal: 25001.
E-mail: juandiegomartinezlemus@gmail.com
Introduction: Infectious meningoencephalitis (IME) is a neurological emergency with a significant rate of morbidity and mortality. The Biofire FilmArray® meningitis/encephalitis (FAME) panel for testing in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has proven to be a valuable tool for the aetiological diagnosis of IME, facilitating targeted antimicrobial therapy. The aim is to determine the impact of the FAME panel on antimicrobial therapeutic decisions in patients with suspected IME in the first 24 hours of clinical assessment.
Patients and methods: This is a descriptive observational study that comments on the clinical manifestations, the neuroimaging and paraclinical findings, and the antibiotic therapy of patients with suspected IME. An analysis was performed to determine the impact of FAME on antimicrobial therapy in the first 24 hours of the clinical assessment of patients.
Results: Altogether 44 patients were included. The average time required to obtain the result of the FAME panel for testing in CSF was nine hours, with 20.4% (9/44) of tests yielding positive results. Within 24 hours of clinical assessment, their outcome had an impact on antimicrobial treatment decisions in 75% (33/44) of cases. In patients with a high clinical suspicion of IME, the result of FAME made it possible to change the initial empirical therapy to a targeted therapy in 15% (3/20) of cases and to discontinue the initial empirical therapy in 35% (7/20) of the subjects. In patients with low clinical suspicion of IME, their result allowed 25% (6/24) to have their suspicion confirmed and they were started on targeted antibiotic therapy; in contrast, 70.8% (17/24) had their diagnosis ruled out and were not started on treatment.
Conclusions: The result of the FAME panel for testing in CSF has a high impact on antimicrobial therapeutic decisions within 24 hours of clinical assessment. However, it must be interpreted with the clinical context, local epidemiology and other diagnostic studies.
Pacientes y métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo que comenta las manifestaciones cínicas, los resultados de neuroimágenes y paraclínicos, y la antibioticoterapia de pacientes con sospecha de MEI. Se realizó un análisis del impacto que tiene el FAME en la terapia antimicrobiana en las primeras 24 horas de la valoración clínica de los pacientes.
Resultados Se incluyó a 44 pacientes. El tiempo promedio para obtener el resultado del panel FAME en el LCR fue de nueve horas, con un 20,4% (9/44) de pruebas positivas. En las primeras 24 horas de la valoración clínica, su resultado tuvo impacto en las decisiones terapéuticas antimicrobianas en el 75% (33/44) de los casos. En pacientes con alta sospecha clínica de MEI, el resultado del FAME permitió cambiar la terapia empírica inicial a una dirigida en el 15% (3/20) y suspender la terapia empírica inicial en el 35% (7/20) de los sujetos. En pacientes con baja sospecha clínica de MEI, su resultado permitió que al 25% (6/24) se le confirmara la sospecha y se le iniciara antibioticoterapia dirigida; y que al 70,8% (17/24) se le descartara el diagnóstico y no se le iniciara tratamiento.
Conclusiones El resultado del panel FAME en el LCR tiene alto impacto en la toma de decisiones terapéuticas antimicrobianas en las primeras 24 horas de la valoración clínica. Sin embargo, su interpretación debe hacerse con el contexto clínico, la epidemiología local y otros estudios diagnósticos.