Introduction. Mediterranean boutonneuse fever, caused by Rickettsia conorii, is an endemic disease in the Mediterranean area. The serious forms of the disease, which include encephalitis, are infrequent but are associated with a high mortality rate. Diagnostic suspicion is backed up by the development of exanthema. We report the case of a patient who developed encephalitis caused by Rickettsia conorii without exanthema. Clinical case. A 27-year-old woman who had nauseas, headache, fever, abdominal upset and generalised pain during the days before being admitted to hospital. On the day she was admitted, she noticed reduced strength in the left limbs, together with numbness and pins and needles in the left side of the body. In the casualty department she presented tonic seizures in the left extremities and later generalised tonic-clonic seizures. Exploration showed facial paresis and 4/5 hemiparesis on the left side. Complementary tests carried out in casualty, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), did not reveal any significant findings. She was admitted after a loading dose of phenytoin. After 48 hours she presented fever and repeated complex partial seizures. A new CSF analysis was normal. She was treated with valproate, clonazepam, ceftriaxone, doxycycline and acyclovir. An electroencephalogram (EEG) showed theta activity in the left centroparietal areas and slow delta waves in the right temporal regions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed contrast enhancement in the meninges. 24 later, due to the frequency of the seizures, phenobarbital and methylprednisolone were added, which enabled the seizures to be controlled. The posterior brain MRI revealed a right parasylvian lesion. Serological Rickettsia conorii IgM +, IgG 1/256 was administered. After eight months, she has presented no seizures or neurological deficit. Conclusions. There are cases of encephalitis from Rickettsia conorii that can present without exanthema. This means that in endemic areas early treatment with doxycycline could be advisable when faced with encephalitis of unknown aetiology, bearing in mind the high mortality rate that occurs when no early treatment is administered and the good tolerance to doxycycline.
KeywordsDoxycyclineEncephalitisMediterranean boutonneuse feverSpotless
FULL TEXT(solo disponible en lengua castellana / Only available in Spanish)
Si ya es un usuario registrado en Neurologia, introduzca sus datos de inicio de sesión.
Rellene los campos para registrarse en Neurologia.com y acceder a todos nuestros artículos de forma gratuita
¿Olvidó su contraseña? Introduzca su correo electrónico y le haremos llegar una nueva
Estimado usuario de Revista de Neurología,
Debido a la reciente fusión por absorción de VIGUERA EDITORES, S.L.U., la entidad gestora de las publicaciones de Viguera Editores, entre ellas, Revista de Neurología, por EVIDENZE HEALTH ESPAÑA, S.L.U., una de las sociedades también pertenecientes al Grupo Evidenze, y con la finalidad de que Usted pueda seguir disfrutando de los contenidos y distintos boletines a los que está suscrito en la página web de neurologia.com, es imprescindible que revise la nueva política de privacidad y nos confirme la autorización de la cesión de sus datos.
Lamentamos informarle que en caso de no disponer de su consentimiento, a partir del día 28 de octubre no podrá acceder a la web de neurologia.com
Para dar su consentimiento a seguir recibiendo la revista y los boletines de neurologia.com vía correo electrónico y confirmar la aceptación de la nueva política de privacidad, así como la cesión de sus datos a Evidenze Health España S.L.U., el resto de las entidades del Grupo Evidenze y sus partners y colaboradores comerciales, incluyendo la posibilidad de llevar a cabo transferencias internacionales a colaboradores extranjeros, pulse en el siguiente enlace:
OPEN ACCESS
