Original

Classification of idiopathic generalised epilepsies in patients over 16 years of age

J. Sala-Padró, M. Toledo-Argany, E. Santamarina, M. González-Cuevas, M. Raspall-Chaure, M. Sueiras-Gil, M. Quintana, J. Salas-Puig [REV NEUROL 2017;64:49-54] PMID: 28074997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.6402.2016219

OPEN ACCESS

Volumen 64 | Number 02 | Nº of views of the article 10.576 | Nº of PDF downloads 838 | Article publication date 16/01/2017

Download PDF Castellano Citation Search in PubMed

Share in:

Go to another issue

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION Idiopathic generalised epilepsies (IGE) are a set of electroclinical syndromes with different phenotypes. Our aim is to analyse those phenotypes in patients over 16 years of age.

PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of a series of patients with IGE. They were classified as childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures only (TCSE), epilepsy with eyelid myoclonias and absences (EMA) and pure photogenic epilepsy (PE).

RESULTS We included 308 patients, the majority females (56.8%), in our study. JME was the most prevalent (40.9%), followed by TCSE (30%), JAE (10%), EMA (8.7%), CAE (7.7%) and PE (1.6%). The types of seizures presented by the most patients were tonic-clonic (89.6%), myoclonic (45.4%), absence (31.4%), reflex seizures (13.3%), eyelid myoclonias (12.6%), non-epileptic psychogenic seizures (3.6%) and status epilepticus (1.9%). They all had generalised spike-and-wave discharges in the electroencephalogram (EEG). 19.2% presented asymmetrical discharges and 28.2% showed a photoparoxysmal response. We observed differences between syndromes in polytherapy (p < 0.0001), withdrawal of therapy (p = 0.01) and being seizure-free beyond the age of 50 (p = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS JME was the most frequent. Generalised tonic-clonic seizures were the type of seizures presented by the most patients, followed by myoclonic, absent and reflex seizures. The EEG showed a photoparoxysmal response in over a quarter of the patients, and one in five displayed asymmetrical anomalies. Differences were observed according to the syndrome in polytherapy, persistence of seizures and withdrawal of treatment. KeywordsCourse Electroencephalography Epidemiology Epileptic seizure Idiopathic generalised epilepsy Treatment CategoriesCalidad, Gestión y Organización Asistencial Epilepsias y síndromes epilépticos Técnicas exploratorias

FULL TEXT (solo disponible en lengua castellana / Only available in Spanish)

Acceso directo al último número

Último Podcast

Original

Classification of idiopathic generalised epilepsies in patients over 16 years of age