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Comparison of the cost-utility of direct oral anticoagulants for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation in Spain

M. Monreal-Bosch, S. Soulard, C. Crespo, S. Brand, A. Kansal Journal 64(06) ● Publication date 16/03/2017 ● Original ● Views 6689 ● Downloads 322 Castellano English

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Monreal-Bosch M Soulard S Crespo C Brand S Kansal A

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Acenocoumarol Anticoagulation Apixaban Cost-effectiveness Cost-utility Dabigatran DOAC Non-valvular atrial fibrillation Rivaroxaban Spain

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[REV NEUROL 2017;64:247-256] PMID: 28272725 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.6406.2016311

INTRODUCTION. Apixaban, dabigatran and rivaroxaban are three new direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) used in the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in Spain.

AIM. To assess the relative cost-utility of the three DOACs compared with vitamin K antagonists.

PATIENTS AND METHODS. A Markov model with 3-month cycles was used to simulate NVAF patients starting with treatment and followed up for their lifetime from the perspective of the National Health System. The model included 36 health states including treatment combinations, disability and events history and considered a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 NVAF patients. Relative efficacy was calculated from a formal indirect treatment comparison using data from the pivotal trials of each DOAC.

RESULTS. Dabigatran was associated with the highest number of quality-adjusted life years (QALY) (8.40 QALY), followed by apixaban (8.33 QALY), rivaroxaban (8.15 QALY) and acenocoumarol (8.03 QALY). Patients taking acenocoumarol had the lowest total costs (22,230), followed by dabigatran (24,564), apixaban (24,655) and rivaroxaban (25,900). Incremental cost-utility ratios compared to vitamin K antagonists, were 6,397, 8,039 and 29,957/QALY for dabigatran, apixaban and rivaroxaban, respectively. If compared together, dabigatran dominated apixaban and rivaroxaban. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the baseline case.

CONCLUSIONS. All three direct anticoagulants are cost-effective against acenocoumarol. Dabigatran is economically dominant over rivaroxaban and apixaban in the Spanish setting, as it is more effective and cheaper.

Keywords Acenocoumarol Anticoagulation Apixaban Cost-effectiveness Cost-utility Dabigatran DOAC Non-valvular atrial fibrillation Rivaroxaban Spain Classified in Patología vascular

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Monreal-Bosch M Soulard S Crespo C Brand S Kansal A

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Acenocoumarol Anticoagulation Apixaban Cost-effectiveness Cost-utility Dabigatran DOAC Non-valvular atrial fibrillation Rivaroxaban Spain

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Monreal-Bosch M Soulard S Crespo C Brand S Kansal A

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Acenocoumarol Anticoagulation Apixaban Cost-effectiveness Cost-utility Dabigatran DOAC Non-valvular atrial fibrillation Rivaroxaban Spain

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Comparison of the cost-utility of direct oral anticoagulants for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation in Spain

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