Usability and acceptability of portable exoskeletons for gait training in subjects with spinal cord injury: a systematic review
*Correspondencia: Dra. Pilar Fernández González. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional, Rehabilitación y Medicina Física. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Avda. Atenas, s/n. E-28922 Alcorcón (Madrid).
E-mail: pilar.fernandez@urjc.es
Introduction: Spinal cord injury limits severely life expectancy and it causes in a restriction in the activities of the daily life of the subjects who suffer it. Training the gait with portable exoskeletons in subjects with spinal cord injury is a new approach to rehabilitation.
Aim: To examine the usability and acceptability of these devices for gait training in subjects with spinal cord injury.
Patients and methods: A literature search was conducted until February 2017 in the databases: Medline (PubMed, EBSCO), PEDro, Scopus and Web of Science. The methodological quality, the level of scientific evidence and the strength of recommendation were evaluated.
Results: Finally, eight studies were considered recruiting a total of 45 patients. The training programs had an average of 35 sessions and a duration 60 minutes approximately. In general, no adverse events and no relevant increases in pain, blood pressure, heart rate or fatigue were reported. In addition, the satisfaction with the intervention and the perception of quality of life of the participants were quite high.
Conclusions: The rehabilitation of the gait with portable exoskeletons seems to be a safe intervention that generates acceptance and satisfaction among patients with spinal cord injury.
Objetivo Examinar la usabilidad y aceptabilidad de estos dispositivos para el entrenamiento de la marcha en sujetos con lesión medular.
Pacientes y métodos Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica hasta febrero de 2017 en las bases de datos Medline (PubMed, EBSCO), PEDro, Scopus y Web of Science. Se evaluaron la calidad metodológica, el nivel de evidencia científica y la fuerza de recomendación.
Resultados Finalmente, se consideraron ocho trabajos, que seleccionaron a un total de 45 pacientes. Los programas de entrenamiento tuvieron una media de 35 sesiones y una duración aproximada de 60 minutos. En general, no se describieron efectos adversos importantes ni incrementos relevantes del dolor, la presión arterial, la frecuencia cardíaca o la fatiga. Además, la satisfacción con la intervención y la percepción de la calidad de vida de los participantes fueron altas.
Conclusiones La rehabilitación de la marcha con exoesqueletos portables genera aceptación y satisfacción entre los pacientes con lesión medular.