Tabla I. Estadísticos descriptivos y correlaciones bivariadas de los ítems del Cuestionario de Reserva Cognitiva. |
||||||||||||
M |
SD |
g1 |
g2 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
|
1. Escolaridad |
4,5 |
0,79 |
–1,6 |
1,92 |
1 |
|||||||
2. Escolaridad de los padres |
1,34 |
0,6 |
–0,28 |
–0,69 |
0,57 |
1 |
||||||
3. Cursos de formación |
1,77 |
1,1 |
–0,19 |
–1,38 |
0,54 |
0,3 |
1 |
|||||
4. Ocupación |
2,16 |
1,1 |
–0,59 |
–0,64 |
0,68 |
0,36 |
0,44 |
1 |
||||
5. Formación musical |
0,69 |
0,63 |
0,33 |
–0,69 |
0,09 |
0,04 |
0,15 |
0,09 |
1 |
|||
6. Idiomas |
0,67 |
0,81 |
1,16 |
0,87 |
0,46 |
0,24 |
0,32 |
0,27 |
0,21 |
1 |
||
7. Actividad lectora |
2,01 |
1,22 |
0,33 |
–0,96 |
0,37 |
0,19 |
0,26 |
0,28 |
0,03 |
0,35 |
1 |
|
8. Juegos intelectuales |
0,91 |
0,88 |
0,18 |
–1,68 |
0,08 |
–0,17 |
0,13 |
0,03 |
0,02 |
0,01 |
0,19 |
1 |
Se presentan las correlaciones policóricas. g1: asimetría, g2: curtosis. |
Tabla II. Índices de ajuste de los modelos probados para el Cuestionario de Reserva Cognitiva. |
|||||||
χ² |
gl |
p |
CFI |
TLI |
RMSEA |
WRMR |
|
1. Original |
29,12 |
20 |
0,09 |
0,98 |
0,97 |
0,05 |
0,62 |
2. Sin el ítem 5 |
24,57 |
14 |
0,04 |
0,98 |
0,96 |
0,06 |
0,62 |
3. Sin el ítem 8 |
15,4 |
14 |
0,35 |
1 |
1 |
0,02 |
0,48 |
4. Sin los ítems 5 y 8 |
9,91 |
9 |
0,36 |
1 |
1 |
0,02 |
0,42 |
El análisis factorial confirmatorio se realizó con el método de estimación de mínimos cuadrados ponderados con media y varianza ajustada. CFI: comparative fit index; TLI: Tucker-Lewis index; RMSEA: root mean square error of approximation; WRMR: weighted root mean square residual. |
Tabla III. Cargas factoriales de los ítems del Cuestionario de Reserva Cognitiva en los modelos probados. |
||||
Modelo 1 |
Modelo 2 |
Modelo 3 |
Modelo 4 |
|
1. Escolaridad |
0,96 |
0,96 |
0,96 |
0,96 |
2. Escolaridad de los padres |
0,53 |
0,53 |
0,54 |
0,54 |
3. Cursos de formación |
0,6 |
0,6 |
0,6 |
0,6 |
4. Ocupación |
0,69 |
0,69 |
0,69 |
0,69 |
5. Formación musical |
0,16 |
0,16 |
||
6. Idiomas |
0,5 |
0,5 |
0,51 |
0,5 |
7. Actividad lectora |
0,43 |
0,44 |
0,43 |
0,43 |
8. Juegos intelectuales |
0,08 |
0,08 |
||
El análisis factorial confirmatorio se realizó con el método de estimación de mínimos cuadrados ponderados con media y varianza ajustada. |
Figura. Gráfico de dispersión de la asociación lineal entre las puntuaciones totales del Cuestionario de Reserva Cognitiva y la Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal.
Cognitive reserve questionnaire: the psychometric properties in an Argentinian population Introduction. Cognitive reserve is the brain’s capacity to actively overcome damage by means of pre-existing cognitive resources and compensatory processes. This capacity is enhanced by education, occupational attainment, learning languages and the habit of reading, among other important factors. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of Rami et al’s Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire in an Argentinian population. Materials and methods. The sample that participated in the study comprised 203 Argentinian adult volunteers from the general population (mean age, 66.1; standard deviation, 8.1). The Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire was administered together with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to test the unidimensionality of the questionnaire. In addition, reliability was estimated by the categorical omega coefficient and associative validity was analysed by means of bivariate correlations. Results. Factor analysis confirms the unidimensionality of the questionnaire with good fit indices. Items 5 (musical training) and 8 (intellectual games), however, show low factor loadings. The test has acceptable reliability, with a categorical omega coefficient = 0.72, although it should be noted that the average variance extracted (0.41) is below the recommended criterion of 0.5. Good associative validity is observed: r (200) = 0.4; p < 0.001. Conclusions. The Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire is an instrument with acceptable psychometric properties for use in an Argentinian population. More research is required to further investigate the low factor loadings of items 5 and 8 and to strengthen the evidence of reliability. Key words. Active ageing. Cognitive functions. Cognitive impairment. Elderly adults. Neuropsychology. Psychogerontology. |